Lubricación por aplastamiento en lesiones focales de cartílago
un análisis computacional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64876/radi.v26.2Palabras clave:
Lubricación por aplastamiento, Lesiones focales del cartílago, Modelado computacional, Microfracturas, Injerto osteocondralResumen
Las lesiones focales del cartílago articular son defectos localizados tratables con materiales de relleno que presentan propiedades mecánicas distintas a las del cartílago original. Este trabajo evalúa, mediante modelado y simulación, el efecto de dichos tratamientos sobre la lubricación articular. Se representa el cartílago con módulo elástico de 16 MPa y un defecto central tratado con material de módulo elástico variable (Ec, entre11,5 y 20,5 MPa). Utilizando COMSOL Multiphysics, se resolvieron las ecuaciones de lubricación de Reynolds y de elasticidad lineal. Los resultados muestran que la altura mínima del canal disminuye al aumentar o disminuir Ec respecto de 16 MPa, siendo el peor caso Ec = 20,5 MPa, donde se predice un régimen mixto de lubricación, que favorecería el desgaste del cartílago. En síntesis, los resultados orientan la elección de materiales de relleno con módulo elástico inferior a 20,5 MPa y lo más cercano posible al del cartílago.
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